I went to the review session and this is the information we went over
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes:
- single celled
- no nucleus
- kind of a synonym for bacteria
- DNA is kept in a dense bunch
- usually just one circular chromosome per individual
Eukaryotes
- have a nucleus which is surrounded by a membrane (membrane-bound)
- DNA is kept in nucleus (membrane)
- strands of DNA coiled around proteins
- lots of numbers of chromosomes per cell, linear
- DNA in membrane-bound nucleus —> RNA that's transcribed from DNA must be shipped out of nuclues
Complementary Base Pairs
Chemical Properties of DNA:
3 basic ingredients:
~phosphate
~sugar (deoxyribose) —> polar but uncharged
- water soluble (hydrophilic)
~DNA bases (4)
-adenine:thymine —> 2 H bonds
-guanine:cytosine —> 3 H bonds
~A and G are purines
~T and C are pyrimidines
- ATP —> energy currency of the cell
- form of energy that is used by the cell to do other processes
Add. Info
bases are covalently bonded to the sugar backbone
DNA with lots of C & G are harder to break
RNA also transcribes with DNA
- because it used ribose sugar and binds with uracil instead of thymine
- Hope this helps for anyone who didn't get to make it!!!